MySQL innodb_buffer_pool_size optimal value

April 12, 2013 - 7:54am - by admin

innodb_buffer_pool_size is a quite important MySQL configuration parameter which can dramatically increase your DB productivity. The larger you set this value, the less disk I/O is needed to access data in tables. Just today I have got one of a heavy SQL query time changed from 15.5 to 1.2 seconds by changing innodb_buffer_pool_size from 23M to 320M! On a dedicated database server, you may set this to up to 80% of the machine physical memory size. Of course, you need to be careful with memory consumption, especially for a non-dedicated server.

To get optimal value of innodb_buffer_pool_size for your DB you may run this SQL:

SELECT CEILING(Total_InnoDB_Bytes*1.6/POWER(1024,3)) RIBPS

FROM (SELECT SUM(data_length+index_length) Total_InnoDB_Bytes

FROM information_schema.tables WHERE engine='InnoDB') A;

It would return optimal size calculated as sum of DB stored data and indexes multiple by 1.6. But it does not know anything about you physical memory! Thus set innodb_buffer_pool_size not more than 15% of RAM size. To test how much memory your new configured MySQL would maximum consume, use this mysqltuner Perl script. You can also use this script for optimizing of your MySQL DB other settings.

The last but not the least: innodb_buffer_pool_size has to be put in mysqld section of you MySQL configuration file (/etc/my.conf in RHEL):

[mysqld]

innodb_buffer_pool_size=2G

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MySQL Frequently Used Commands

November 21, 2011 - 12:07pm - by admin

Selecting a database:



mysql> USE database;



Listing databases:



mysql> SHOW DATABASES;



Listing tables in a db:



mysql> SHOW TABLES;



Describing the format of a table:



mysql> DESCRIBE table;



Creating a database:



mysql> CREATE DATABASE db_name;



Creating a table:



mysql> CREATE TABLE table_name (field1_name TYPE(SIZE), field2_name TYPE(SIZE));

Ex: mysql> CREATE TABLE pet (name VARCHAR(20), sex CHAR(1), birth DATE);



Generate the create statement of a table in MySQL:



mysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE tblname;



Load tab-delimited data into a table:



mysql> LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE "infile.txt" INTO TABLE table_name;

(Use \n for NULL)



Inserting one row at a time:



mysql> INSERT INTO table_name VALUES ('MyName', 'MyOwner', '2002-08-31');

(Use NULL for NULL)



Retrieving information (general):



mysql> SELECT from_columns FROM table WHERE conditions;

All values: SELECT * FROM table;

Some values: SELECT * FROM table WHERE rec_name = "value";

Multiple critera: SELECT * FROM TABLE WHERE rec1 = "value1" AND rec2 = "value2";



Reloading a new data set into existing table:



mysql> SET AUTOCOMMIT=1; # used for quick recreation of table

mysql> DELETE FROM pet;

mysql> LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE "infile.txt" INTO TABLE table;



Fixing all records with a certain value:



mysql> UPDATE table SET column_name = "new_value" WHERE record_name = "value";



Selecting specific columns:



mysql> SELECT column_name FROM table;



Retrieving unique output records:



mysql> SELECT DISTINCT column_name FROM table;



Sorting:



mysql> SELECT col1, col2 FROM table ORDER BY col2;

Backwards: SELECT col1, col2 FROM table ORDER BY col2 DESC;



Date calculations:



mysql> SELECT CURRENT_DATE, (YEAR(CURRENT_DATE)-YEAR(date_col)) AS time_diff [FROM table];

MONTH(some_date) extracts the month value and DAYOFMONTH() extracts day.



Pattern Matching:



mysql> SELECT * FROM table WHERE rec LIKE "blah%";

(% is wildcard - arbitrary # of chars)

Find 5-char values: SELECT * FROM table WHERE rec like "_____";

(_ is any single character)



Extended Regular Expression Matching:



mysql> SELECT * FROM table WHERE rec RLIKE "^b$";

(. for char, [...] for char class, * for 0 or more instances

^ for beginning, {n} for repeat n times, and $ for end)

(RLIKE or REGEXP)

To force case-sensitivity, use "REGEXP BINARY"



Counting Rows:



mysql> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table;



Grouping with Counting:



mysql> SELECT owner, COUNT(*) FROM table GROUP BY owner;

(GROUP BY groups together all records for each 'owner')



Selecting from multiple tables:



(Example)

mysql> SELECT pet.name, comment FROM pet, event WHERE pet.name = event.name;

(You can join a table to itself to compare by using 'AS')



Currently selected database:



mysql> SELECT DATABASE();



Maximum value:



mysql> SELECT MAX(col_name) AS label FROM table;



Auto-incrementing rows:



mysql> CREATE TABLE table (number INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, name CHAR(10) NOT NULL);

mysql> INSERT INTO table (name) VALUES ("tom"),("dick"),("harry");



Adding a column to an already-created table:



mysql> ALTER TABLE tbl ADD COLUMN [column_create syntax] AFTER col_name;



Removing a column:



mysql> ALTER TABLE tbl DROP COLUMN col;

(Full ALTER TABLE syntax available at mysql.com.)



Batch mode (feeding in a script):



# mysql -u user -p < batch_file

(Use -t for nice table layout and -vvv for command echoing.)

Alternatively: mysql> source batch_file;



Backing up a database with mysqldump:



# mysqldump --opt -u username -p database > database_backup.sql

(Use 'mysqldump --opt --all-databases > all_backup.sql' to backup everything.)

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